LAN Switching
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Techopedia Explains LAN Switching
LANs (local area networks) are easy to establish, but complex to maintain. For LANs, different networking techniques are used to implement and maintain. LAN switching includes mainly 4 types of switching. They are as follows: 1. Layer 2 Switching:Layer 2 switching is hardware-based switching. It makes use of the (media access control (MAC) addresses on the network interface cards (NICs) of the host to determine the location to forward the frames. Advantages of layer 2 switching are its high data transmission speed with low latency and cost. 2. Layer 3 switching: Layer 3 switching provides similar functionality as router. Some fundamental functions are as follows: Uses TL (time to live) Identify paths on the basis of logical addressing Offers security Enables hardware-based packet forwarding Offers highly efficient packet switching High speed data transmission with low latency 3. Layer 4 switching: An enhanced version of layer 3 switching, layer 4 switching uses hardware-based switching with the addition of applications like Telnet and FTP. Layer 4 switching uses routing on the basis of port numbers. Access list filtering completely functions on layer 4 switching. The most significant advantage of layer 4 switching is that the network admin is able to configure a layer 4 switch for prioritizing data traffic by application, which implies that a quality of service (QoS) may be defined for every user. 4. Multi-Layer Switching: Multi-layer switching (MLS) provides low latency and high performance. All three layer switching (2, 3 and 4) are combined in MLS. MLS makes use of the following while making switching decisions: Source and destination address (MAC and IP) Protocols details (fields) Source port number and destination port numberAdvertisement
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